资料图:美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄
由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素,众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中,美国民主党议员继续抱团,多轮投票中,一票不投麦卡锡,共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折,除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外,与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面,共和党党内反对者认为,麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱,无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府,另一方面,因为共和党的多数优势微弱,党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大,有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外,党内反对者也认为,自己的选票没有换取更多利益,希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步,比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物,众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任,选举几乎没有悬念。然而,麦卡锡此次为当选,不得不做出多个关键让步,其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制,使得众议长的权力被削弱,难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称,麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步,这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下,党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上,美国两党相互拆台,陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内,也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系,相互对抗,选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举,“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈,长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力,其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病,美国所谓的“民主”形象,让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举,变成了政客们利益置换的游戏,进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能,不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
“全国最美志愿者”韦腾境:让爱在志愿服务路上延续******
这些天,贵州省独山县益加社会工作服务中心理事长韦腾境正在筹备一场义诊活动。策划、筹备、执行公益活动是韦腾境再熟悉不过的工作日常。今年是35岁的他从事公益服务的第10个年头。“做公益最大的收获,是给受助人带去温暖和希望的同时,自己也获得了很多的感动与启示。”韦腾境说。
2012年的一次意外,让韦腾境永远失去了自己年仅2岁的儿子。为了缓解心中巨大的伤痛,他开始把目光投向公益活动。“想把对孩子的爱以这样的方式延续下去,去帮助更多需要帮助的人。”2013年,他正式加入江苏常州一家爱心公益服务中心,成为一名志愿者。除了工作外,他把所有空闲时间都放到了公益活动中。
“前面几年,一直在长期照顾两位残疾人大哥,只要他们有事,就过去帮忙。到了周末,会带他们到附近去转转。”3年的时间,韦腾境和两位受助人成了无话不谈的朋友,“在帮助他们的过程中,自己也获得了很多心灵的慰藉。”
2015年,韦腾境的第2个孩子出生了,为了照顾孩子及远在家乡的父母,他回到独山县,继续奔走在公益路上。这时,一个想法在他心底萌生:成立一支属于自己的公益队伍。
说做就做,办公室在家乡很快设立了起来。“开始就我们夫妻两个人,办公室里只有两套旧桌椅。”韦腾境说,尽管如此,他依然对未来充满希望。此后,他开始骑着摩托车走村串户,了解当地困境儿童情况,同时招募志愿者,号召更多爱心人士一起关爱困境儿童的成长。
通过2年多的努力,韦腾境动员爱心人士持续参与资助了30余名困境家庭的中小学生,为他们筹集学习用品等,让这些孩子们能够安心学习,在社会关爱中健康成长。
随后,韦腾境又把目光投向了留守儿童。“孩子们长期不在父母身边,太需要倾诉和关爱了。”2018年,韦腾境了解到深圳壹基金公益基金会正在建设“壹乐园”儿童服务站项目,主要开展乡村留守儿童的持续关怀及陪伴。韦腾境立即与基金会联系对接,递交材料等待审核的日子对他而言格外漫长。不久后,好消息传来,他为黔南州平塘县大塘镇云上社区的儿童争取到了第一个儿童服务站。
初建站时,由于站点地处偏远山区,一时招募不到合适的志愿者,韦腾境就动员妻子、女儿一起住进了服务站。从此,他们成了30多个留守儿童的“父母”,辅导孩子们做作业、一起做游戏、一起做饭……夫妻俩像陪伴自己女儿一样陪伴和关心着这些孩子,“甚至比陪我们女儿的时间更长。孩子们都很乖,和他们在一起很快乐。”韦腾境说。
夫妻俩的尽心尽力,孩子们看在眼里,对他们也愈发依赖。有时,孩子不经意间叫错的一句“爸爸妈妈”,总是让夫妻俩热泪盈眶,“这是孩子对我们的肯定。”
这些年,韦腾境先后荣获“全国最美志愿者”“中国好人”等荣誉称号,“很感恩这些肯定,让我更坚定了前行的路。”他说,10年公益路最大的收获不止于此,而是越来越多身边人更加理解和支持自己做公益,同时收获了越来越多同行的志愿者伙伴。
2019年,韦腾境又在独山县周边的易地扶贫搬迁安置点争取建设了两个“益童乐园”儿童服务站,从此,夫妻俩多了更多的孩子,他们也更加忙碌起来。
对于家人,韦腾境的内心一直充满愧疚,“同学们早就买了房和车,自己还带着家里人租房住,陪伴他们的时间也很少,挺亏欠他们的。”但妻子和女儿却一直用自己的行动默默支持着韦腾境,只要有时间,她们总会陪伴韦腾境一起从事志愿服务活动。
谈及未来,韦腾境坚定地说:“志愿服务是我一辈子要做的事,还有很多想做的事,以后要一件件实现。未来希望有更多的人能加入我们,让爱在志愿服务路上延续下去。”郭帅
(文图:赵筱尘 巫邓炎)